The effect of exercises according to the reverse hierarchical training method on some physical variables and basic football skills for young players

Abstract

The problem of the research lies in using a training method to develop explosive power, strength characterized by speed and maximum speed, scoring skill, and handling skill in football for young players, relying on the opposite hierarchical training method, as this training method, based on scientific foundations, can give an effective and influential role in the integration of physical and skill preparation. To reach an advanced level of performance during a football match (competition), and thus the results drawn from this study can contribute to developing some scientific solutions that are effective in integrating the scientific and physical level of young football players.

research aims:

1-Preparing physical exercises according to the opposing hierarchical training method.

2-Identify the effect of physical exercises according to the inverse hierarchical training method to develop explosive power, strength characterized by speed and maximum speed, and some basic skills among members of the research sample (Shirwan Sports Club youth football players for the 2023/2024 football season).

Research hypotheses:

1-There are significant differences between the results of the pre- and post-tests for the physical variables under study among members of the research sample (the youth players of the Shirwan Sports Club in football for the 2023/2024 football season) and in favor of the results of the post-tests.

2-There are significant differences between the results of the pre- and post-tests for the basic skills under study among members of the research sample (Shirwan Sports Club youth football players for the 2023/2024 football season) and in favor of the results of the post-tests.

The researcher used the experimental method by designing one group with two pre- and post-tests, on a sample that was deliberately selected from the youth players of the Shirwana Sports Club in football, numbering (12) players, out of thirty players who represent the Shirwana Club in the youth league in the Kurdistan region for the football season 2023/2024 and who are registered with Kurdistan Region Football Federation.

The exercise vocabulary was applied according to the reverse hierarchical training method on the research sample for the period from 18/3/2024 to 9/5/2024, for eight weeks. Each week includes two training units. The duration of the training unit is from 25 minutes to 40 minutes. Each training unit includes On four exercises prepared by the researcher, the researcher took into account the application of the basic principles of the science of sports training in terms of gradation and undulation of the training loads, as the undulation of the training loads was 1:3, three weeks of rising training load and the last week of the first month falling of the training load, and the situation Same for the second month as the process of implementing these exercises during the special preparation period.

In light of the results shown by the study, the researcher concluded the following:

1-It was found that there is a positive effect on the results of the pre- and post-tests of the physical variables (explosive strength of the leg muscles, the speed-specific strength of the legs, and maximum speed) among the individuals of the research sample, and in favor of the results of the post-tests.

2-Exercises according to the inverse hierarchical training method contributed to developing the basic skills under study (handling skill and scoring skill) among individuals of the research sample.

Recommendations:

Based on the conclusions reached by the current study, the researcher made the following recommendations:

1- Adopting exercises according to the reverse hierarchical training method in the event of building a training curriculum whose goal is to develop the explosive power of the leg muscles and the speed characteristic of the legs, as well as the maximum speed of young players in the football preparation stage.